Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary

There has been a long contention about the Constitutionality of paid military chaplains. Is in that location a profound tooshie for such or is it a mere supposition? Does the g overnment feature a rule-governed and legitimate basis to pay chaplains for their function or is it doing so just because and is getting away with it? Could it be legally challenged and through with(p) away with? These ar the questions. The First Amendment of the Bill of Rights to the United States Constitution is the legal basis of the military chaplaincy. Here is how.The First Amendment states sexual congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free work out thereof or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press or the right of the people pacifically to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. The amendment is generally viewed as be composed of two separate clauses the Establishment Clause and the Free make for Clause. Each of these clauses is designed to protect those fundamental homosexual rights which be so foundational to the ideals of our nation life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.There are m any references to the military chaplaincies as legitimate exceptions to the Establishment Clause because they provide the right of free exercise of religion that is equally guaranteed under the First Amendment. It is this most important point that the chaplaincy clearly provides the military with a constitutional function, the free exercise of religion. The legal debate over paid chaplains sits on both clauses of the First Amendment 1) Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, 2) or prohibiting the free exercise thereofDescribe your understanding of beging in Jesus Name. I cave in been fortunate in that I be in possession of not experienced any direct pressure in regards to praying in Jesus name. However, during public collection in which soldiers are required to be in attendance, I evermore make the arguing As I pray in my tradition, I encourage you to prayer in yours. This should be a common statement among chaplains. Generally speaking, it is not soldiers of other faith traditions that are offended by prayers in Jesusname, it is usually soldiers of no faith tradition whatsoever.Furthermore, although there are stories of religious persecution on both sides of the issue (Religious soldiers and Non- Religious soldiers), these issues have a tendency to be very allocated and reflect the particular direction environment that the Chaplain is serving under. This is a very troubling issue and the scoop up resolve is the development of a healthy relationship between the Chaplain and the look out over in which the chaplain has the opportunity to advise the commander on these complicated issues. In reality, this can become quite complicated and some commanders have solid views on this topic (on both sides of the argument).Is it worth derailing many years of representing deliveryman to soldiers over the particular views of one commander? I would suggest that sometimes it is prudent to just get in the basket and go over the wall. Finally, I also understand that Chaplains and Chaplain Candidates like myself, that pray Christian prayers should be prepared to hear and support the right of Jewish and Muslim Chaplains to pray in their particular tradition as well. Finally, describe your understanding of the preceptort Ask, Dont reveal Policy and other issues of which you may be concerned.According to the Dont Ask Dont Tell repeal, service members will not be involuntarily separated for observant homosexual conduct. Sexual orientation remains a personal and occult matter. Sexual orientation and lawful homosexual conduct (statements, acts or same-sex marriage) are not a basis for separation, reassignment or special consideration. Sailors may intercommunicate others of their sexual orientation at their own discretion. In fa ct, the part of confession will not ask service members to identify their sexual orientation.The Department of Defense will not collect or maintain information on an individuals sexual orientation. This Department of Defense polity on sexual orientation applies equally to all members of the Active, Reserve, and National concord components of the military. With that being said, what does this mean in relationship to providing worship and directioning services to men and women who can now be open with their lifestyle. Chaplains will pertain to have the very same freedom to practice their religion harmonise to the tenets of their faith.In the context of their religious ministry, chaplains are not required to take actions that are inconsistent with their religious beliefs (e. g. , altering the content of sermons or religious counseling, share a pulpit with other chaplains or modifying forms of prayer or worship). However, when it comes to ministering to soulfulness who is a ho mosexual, I feel that it is the pastors or chaplains duty to do so. The Title pastor suggests two functions of church leadership so designated nurturing and guidance.The nurturing aspect includes the general Christian responsibility of showing shame for others, but his responsibility is accentuated because a pastor must set the example. Pastors or Chaplains must indeed set the example. Homosexual or not, that person who seeks counsel is motionlessness one of Gods children only in a fallen state. Then again, arent we all? We are all still a work in progress. There isnt a human being on this Earth that has defeated sin or manage with sin. So I think some compassion is warranted when it comes to ministering to homosexuals.

Bosnian Refugee Life in America Essay

Thousands of refugees from Bosnia-Herzegovina pose fled to the linked States to seek protective cover from the ethnoreligious contradicts of the region. To best attend to these families, gain providers must understand their wartime and migration experiences and their culture. The purpose of this word is to re image the literature relevant to conk outing with Bosnian Moslem refugees as well as to understand the uruque issues facing this world. The authors interest in Bosnian Muslim refugees is a personalised one.Between 1992 and 2001, nearly 3,500 Bosnian refugees escaping social purging and war migrated to Bowling Green, a small city of 50,000 in rural southcentral Kentucky. The Bowling Green Inter raceal Center has been a interrupt of the topical anesthetic club since 1979 and actively works with the United States Committee for Refugees and Immigrants (USCRI). For more than 25 years, the center has assisted thousands of refugees of numerous nationalities in their m igration to the United States and the local community.According to the centers director, Marty Deputy, Bosnians make up the largest percentage of refugees that hurl relocated to Bowling Green (personal communication, February 3, 2005). Deputy also indicated that while Bosnian refugees have adapted well to the local community, they still face m whatsoever challenges because of their experiences in Bosnia in addition to their integration into a juvenile culture. atomic number 53 of the issues that continue to haunt more Bosnian refugees is post- accidental injurytic stressa allow of war and genocide.Post-traumatic stress is particularly an issue for the adult women, who experienced the trauma of rape and sexual assault as well as witnessing the reach of their children and spouses. According to Deputy (personal communication, February 3, 2005), social workers should approach Bosnian families and children with cultural competence. If see a Bosnian home, for example, removing one s shoes when entering is a display of view and sensitivity. A willingness to drink a strong cup of Bosnian coffee is also appreciated. Social workers also must be sensitive about body words and speech tone.It is also all-important(prenominal) not to assume that all Bosnians are alike. As with all cultures, on that point is tremendous variation in the Bosnian culture, along with individual differences in personality and environmental experiences. Bosnian Muslim Experiences in the War The 1991 nose count for Bosnia-Herzegovina shows that Muslims made up 43. 7% of the total population of 4. 3 one million million people. Serbs accounted for 31. 3% and Croats 17. 3% (Bringa, 1995). Serbs identified the Muslims majority population base in Bosnia-Herzegovina as its strategic strength (Cigar, 1995).In 1992, in that locationfore, the Serbs declared war and began a campaign of ethnic cleansing to eradicate non-Serbs. The term ethnic cleansing stands for the policy of ridding an area of an undesir open national group to create a homogenous region it represents a type of genocide that is knowing to parcel out terror (Friedman, 1996 Weine & Laub, 1995). Serbias initial rationale for its policy was promulgated by the belief that the newly formed state of Bosnia-Herzegovina would create national minorities of the Serb population and eventually destroy the Serb populace as a discrete and curious nation (Friedman, 1996).The prospect of acquiring material goods from the Muslimsland, livestock, houses, cars, and cashapparently was an redundant powerful incentive for many Serbs (Cigar, 1995 Sells, 1998). The indigenous Bosnian Serb population was raddled into a terror campaign of killing and mayhem so the non-Serbian populations would neer return. This persecution ultimately led to more than one million Balkan refugees migrating to the United States and different countries. The types of experiences they endured in their homeland before emigrating dramatically influen ced their initial adaptation to these new environments. Resettlement and Adaptation IssuesAs difficult as the war-related experiences were, migration to resettlement countries signaled a transition to new types of struggles for Bosnian refugees. Unlike immigrants who leave their homes for a pattern of reasons, refugees leave in order to survive, and they face a new farming of stressors as they attempt to rebuild their lives in exile (Keyes, 2000 Worthington, 2001). Such stressors entangle difficult transit experiences culture shock adjustment problems related to language and occupational change and disruption in their moxie of self, family, and community (Lipson, 1993 Worthington, 2001).Additionally, refugees leave Bosnia-Herzegovina often have suffered multiple losses, such as severance from family and friends who have been left behind or killed, displacement from their homes and communities, social isolation, and the premature demise of their children. Such an accumulation of loss place leave a sense of unresolved grief that cornerstone significantly impact mental wellness and future functioning capacity (Akhtar, 1992 Fullilove, 1996 Sundquist & Johansson, 1996 Worthington, 2001).When refugees cross national boundaries want asylum, they typically find themselves in an alien social environment with norms that challenge their handed-d hold patterns of family interaction (Mayadas & Segal, 2000). Most Bosnian refugees have a hierarchical familial power structure and clear role definitions in the homeland, authority was typically sexual practice-based, with males chief(prenominal)taining instrumental roles and females fulfilling nurturing responsibilities.A traditional Bosnian womans committal to her family includes observing strict codes of privacy and public silence on any issue that might bring shame on the family, such as family discord. For many women, this privacy mandate deters them from divulging details about marital passage of arms or child maltreatment by spouses to outsiders such as work colleagues, community members, and mental health professionals. Consequently, Bosnian female refugees continue to be caught between traditional role positions prevalent throughout the former Yugoslavias patriarchal society in the 20th Century and the expectations of their new culture.The Bosnian familys patriarchal patterns of behavior tend to be challenged on comer in the United States, particularly around work-related issues. Women are more plausibly than men to find jobs in the low-wage labor market, and in becoming the breadwinners undecided to the outside world, they risk upsetting a family equilibrium based on male authority (Mayadas & Segal, 2000). For Bosnian men, key ethnic and social demarcation line markers of their lives had evaporated because of their grief over this, many seemed paralyzed in their attempt to incline forward in their new life.Bosnian refugee children also face broad acculturation nips (Mayad as & Segal, 2000). They often are torn between the beliefs, customs, and values acquire in their native culture and the often un strongistic expectations of the new one. The pressure to assimilate the cultural norms of their new boorish can be penetrating and extremely stressful. Their parents often lack the material resources and support systems to fittedly assist them in navigating the complex terrain of foreign school systems, pervasive racism, and intolerance (Mayadas & Segal, 2000).Consequently, many feel as if they are alone in a foreign, sometimes unforgiving new cultural milieu. To further complicate the situation, family roles often grow as children typically become more fluent in position faster and adapt more quickly to the customs of the new country (Potocky, 1996). Because children are thrust into the role of serving as the interpreters and negotiators of cultural norms for their parents, respect for the authority of elders is often undermined (Carlin, 1990 Drachm an 1992).Even though most teenagers in the United States feel a certain amount of intergenerational tension, the adolescents of refugees often experience the ask out of two vastly different worlds those of their American peers and their parents (Mayadas & Segal, 2000). They also feel subjected to the xenophobia of their American peers, who often ridicule others who they label as different. Immigration to the United States has provided Bosnian Muslim refugee families with many challenges as they struggle to adapt to their new lives.At first glance, their experiences may be similar to that of other immigrants, raising the well-known(prenominal) questions about how to perpetuate the faith of their forebears among their offspring or how to best extend cherished cultural practices (Yazbeck- Haddad & Esposito, 2000). But there are some real differences. With the attacks on the World Trade Center in New York city and the Pentagon in Washington, DC, the potential for a xenophobic recep tion of Muslim immigrants and refugees by Americans has intensified.For example, disputes over the building of mosques represent a key source of brush for most western sandwichers (Pipes & Duran, 1993). While Bosnian Muslim families may encounter the kindred issues earlier generations of immigrants faced, they also are burdened with the question of whether their children will be accepted in the United States, and whether Islam can ever be acknowledge as a positive force that contributes to a pluralistic, multicultural nation (Yazbeck-Haddad & Esposito, 2000). Culturally Competent Practice with Bosnian MuslimsWhen work with Bosnian Muslim refugees, service providers need to learn as much as feasible about their culture, particularly given the pivotal role that ethnoreligious identity has compete in their war-related experiences (Witmer & Culver, 2001). Bosnian men and women tend to adhere to traditional gender roles connected with this issue is the intense stigma attached to th e sexual misdemeanor of women. This stigma frequently led women to refrain from disclosing war rapes to their families (Witmer & Culver, 2001).Bosnian Muslims typically act in ways that preserve the positive image of the familys identity, especially males, who see openly revealing vulner office or misfortunate as a sign of great personal weakness (Weine et al. , 1997). Family is the most important social structure across the urban and rural regions of Bosnia (Mojica-Castillo, 2001). Up until the 1970s, adult children commonly lived with their parents and multiple generations lived in the same house. But today, twoparent families hover in this region with extended family members often living nearby.A clustering of shoes can typically be found outside a Bosnian home (Mojica-Castillo, 2001). This is because it is customary to remove street shoes and leave them at the door. Bosnians maintain a strong social tradition of neighborliness. The drink of strong coffee or the sharing of f ood, accompanied by the indwelling element of lively conversation, is an important aspect of social life. Traditional music and folk dances are an important part of cultural celebrations.A base principle of generalist social work is that practitioners need to be able to intervene on behalf of various systems, including individuals, families, orgaruzations, and communities. Additionally, the generalist social worker operates indoors an ecological fabric that attempts to improve coping patterns for a better check between the client systems needs and the characteristics of his or her environment. An say-so approach to generalist practice assumes that clients can draw from existing competencies and reservoirs of strength. sanction indicates the intent and the processes of assisting client systems to discover and expand the tools and resources around them (Furuto, 2004). Swift and Levin (1987) referred to dominance as an evolution from dependence to independence and interdepende nce. Gutierrez (1990) described empowerment as the process of increasing personal, interpersonal, or political power so that individuals can take action to improve their life situations (p. 140). The strengths perspective enhances the concept of empowerment with its focus on promoting healing.Healing implies both wholeness and the inborn ability of the mind and body to resist and regenerate when faced with disruption, disorder, or disorder (Furuto, 2004). Ethnic and religious identity may lead to discrimination when the refugee is seeking a job that requires intervention on a more personal level. Long-term difficulty in finding a job that provides the family with adequate income may cause low self-esteem and family tension culminating in force out (Furuto & Murase, 1992). Various system levels often must be addressed at the same time (Mayadas & Segal, 2000). westward thinking on designing comprehensive mental health services is mostly based on the individual as the aboriginal sy stem targeted for intervention hence, existing services tend to be designed for a North American population (Mooren & Kleber, 1999). Furthermore, treatment of mental health disorders typically follows a medical model using talk therapy and drugs. Western theories also emphasize intrapersonal processes in isolation from the cultural context. The prevailing view that the responses to trauma are individual centered is in keeping with this tradition. work providers must use the refugees own, indigenous cultural definitions of health and illness when do mental health assessments (Boothby, 1996 Wing Sue, Ivey, & Pedersen, 1996). For example, a Bosnian client who had the Western diag nosis of major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder refused medication saying that there was nothing wrong with him that medications could fix, and insisted that the clinician understand that his current condition was a resoluteness of the wrongs that had been done to him, and not because of anythin g that was wrong with him (Weine & Laub, 1995, p. 255).To address the issue of respecting the clients definition of the issue, Yuen (1999) promoted a more holistic biopsychosocial model of intervention when working with Bosnian children and their families hence, the importance of using an ethnically sensitive ecological framework becomes a second principle of culturally competent practice. A ordinal principle is to respect the indigenous strengths and resources within Bosnians that empower them to cope with their own experiences.Chow & Yuen (2000) noted the necessity for an empowerment and capacity building model where refugees become partners in the design and elivery of services within their community. Efforts to design and ram home human service programs should include using indigenous Bosnian religious and cultural organizations, as well as self-help groups (Chow & Yuen, 2000). Conclusion After Bosnians hightail it their homeland, they need protection in the asylum country. T his necessitates supportive policies and macrolevel intervention competence. The main policy that guides refugee resettlement in the United States is Public Law 96-212, the Refugee identification number of 1980 (Mayadas & Segal, 2000).Based on the last of helping refugees achieve economic self-sufficiency as quickly as possible, the act defines self-sufficiency as not receiving welfare benefits (Potocky, 1996). As such, this policy may be ineffective in helping refugees to settle in an optimal manner. To become truly self-sufficient, service providers need to redefine success in more progressive ways, such as helping refugees to effectively deal with resettlement issues relating to acculturation, psychological trauma, and intergenerational conflictall of which can impede long-term economic self-sufficiency.This new goal requires adequate fiscal resources to develop programs and engage in active community outreach (Mayadas & Segal, 2000). Social services must aspire to restore the psychological health and dignity of these families and children, who have seen the worst side of human nature. Helping them progress to a positive self-image is critical to their success. While the genocide of family members and violent acts can never be forgotten, surrounding Bosnian Muslim refugees with a engagement of positive, supportive services can help them establish a whole foothold in the United States.

Compare and Contrast Bodies of Work by Two Artists

2. Comp ar and contrast bodies of fiddle by ii artists you have studied. In your discussion, address the significance of intentions to their practise. The intention of practitioners is pivotal to their practice, these intentions may be different or similar between artists, and two artists whose embody of work will be discussed throughout this response include Chris ODoherty (b. 1951) a present-day(a) Australian artist and Lin gist (b. 1948 d. 1996) a contemporary natal Australian artist.The arts in which will be compared and contrasted are Chris ODohertys Aussie deliveryman series, including Aussie the Nazarene at the Football (1996) available in poster, calendar and t-shirt form and Lin Onus three metre mixed media founding fruit gaga(1990) Although both artists are Australian, Chris ODoherty is an Anglo-Saxon Australian and was raised as a Christian and has a commercializedised background, as a rock musician he conveys his intentions in appear assimilation with m any of his art kit and boodle placed on T-shirts, posters and calendars, an example of this is his dainty production the Nazarene at the Football, whereas Lin Onus is not influenced by a commercial background, growing up as a man who had experienced the separatism and assimilation of the aboriginal peoples, Lin onus artworks are made to illustrate the want and hope for aboriginal grow and how it has mixed with western culture, this can be seen in his artwork Fruit bats he is an Indigenous Australian raised in cardinal culture. except despite these differences they both pick up with Australian contemporary culture. In this way that an artists ground impacts their body of work.Chris ODohertys intentions were directly influenced by him being a commercial artist, as when he was in the band Mad as Anything he would design their album covers, and other promotional merchandise, this relates to many of his works such as Aussie Jesus at the Football which can be bought in the form o f a poster, calendar, and shirts, this is a direct reference to ODohertys use of popular culture in order to string out his art to a liberal Audience ODoherty also uses his artwork to educate his audience on spiritual aspects in contemporary Australia, musical composition using mode in order to better move on what he is trying to express, this can be seen in many of his Aussie Jesus works, specifically Aussie Jesus at the football (1996) through the use of the reinterpreted form of Jesus if he was Australian, ODoherty re-invents The bible story of The Miracle of the Loaves and the Fishes into a new Australian setting of the Miracle of the pies and beer in which allows him to reinterpret the original moral lesson, and to make a contemporary comment about the nature of worship in our culture today, in impairment of our worship of food, beer and sports more than things such as family or church. Similarly Lin Onus aims to educate his audience on the Traditional primordial cultur e, how it has become moulded to western culture and how it affects the Aboriginal peoples.The installation Fruit hit(1990) is a collection in which displays the fruit bats hanging of a Hill Hoist (clothesline) a symbol of western culture, in which is a direct reference to the effect of suburbia on the land and how these indigenous animals have adapted through them hanging of the clothesline and not a tree. However there is also a use of humour in his work, the downhearted disks located on the floor and up the post of the hills hoist are symbols of the bats droppings, however display a flower like pattern. In this way Onus wishes to reflect on his culture in terms of the progression of the intertwining of Aboriginal and western cultures.Lin Onus also uses the medium of an installation in the artwork Fruit bat (1990) which enables the audience to participate with the work and therefore is available for a wider audience much like ODoherty. The artworks Differ in their medium, Lin Onus Fruit Bats (1990) is an installation component made up of mixed media, whereas many of ODohertys works such as Aussie Jesus at the Football are mercenary items in the form of posters, Calenders, shirts and much more, these are however linked to their plebeian ability to communicate to a larger audience as ODohertys work can be bought by many and Onus Fruit Bats can involve a large audience.Another incompatible aspect of these works is the religion imbued in the work where as Aussie Jesus implies the artworks Christian nature Chis ODohertys work is subtly Indigenous through the use of Traditional aboriginal symbols and techniques seen in Fruit Bats(1990), this then leads to the differences in the artistic style of the bodies of work, ODoherty uses a amusive like style in his illustrations of the bible in contemporary terms, piece of music Onus mixes Western and Traditional Aboriginal art styles such as the Arnhem land crosshatching seen on the wings of the fruit bats in th e artwork Fruit Bats (1990), in this way both collections of work communicate culture and spirituality. The artworks also contrast in their subject matters eon Chris ODoherty deals with the ideas of worship and contemporary Australian culture in his Aussie Jesus specifically Aussie Jesus at the Football(1996), Lin Onus focuses on the mixing of Western culture and Indigenous Australian culture and its effect on Aboriginal Australians. Finally Both artworks deal with Humour in their works enchantment still pertaining to communicate a more serious message. ODoherty uses humour in that he re-contextualises the bible stories into more comedic modern terms while making a point on Australian contemporary culture and worship.Lin Onus also uses humour in his work Fruit Bats through the disks with flower patterns scattered over and around the Hills Hoist truly representing the bat droppings, however still communicating the more serious popular opinion of the adaption of the Aboriginal pe ople to western culture. It is evident that Both Lin Onus and Chris ODoherty address the significance of intention to their practise. This has been demonstrated by comparing their bodies of work, including Chis ODohertys Aussie Jesus series and Lin Onus installation piece Fruit Bats (1990). While these artists are completely different in their artistic styles, subject matter and mediums they share a common interest in their intentions of their art practise, showing their view on Australian culture and heritage, while imbuing their works with spirituality, humour and making it more accessible to a wide audience.

Important step for starting company Essay

NAME SUNEET KAUR To rise a New disdain or Project is very exciting no doubt but the ch entirelyenges to overreach into the system is very heart rendering. The aforesaid(prenominal) thing happened to me, when I took upon myself a designate to develop a cushioned ware Product Development system whereby I required chest space, systems, software development team, power back and assorted small activities, and of course all these requires budget, as I really didnt had any pay at my disposal.To over come this problem, the firstly thing I required to do was chalk reveal product line Plan for myself, as it is the foremost thing to do. It is a prerequisite to not only define all the Propositions for your business plans but also to estimate your budget and chalk out the source of funding.FINANCIAL PLANNING To pay my project, I took upon initiative the task of estimating the financial planning, which included initial estimate of resource requirements, associated be, revenue, iden tifying operating costs and to prepare budgetary plans.It also involved cash flow to vouch that there are no gaps between income and expenditure, analyzing breakeven levels and forecasting profits.PLANNING FOR extension OF REVENUE To find out the source that can really finance your business and fulfill your dreams, prepare a well planned figure including all your recurring cost that will go into a be Center like Income or value going into the hail Center, Cost of Office Space as well as infrastructure, Wages or Salaries of the employees, Cost of power back up and communication systems, Cost of miscellaneous activities etc.After charting out the business and Budget plan, I stripe upon the task to search the source of funding not only for the start up of the business but also expanding the business, and this source of funding is a back bone of your company.SOURCE OF FUNDING The borrowing depends on subprogram of factors like purpose of funds, your borrowing requirement, repayme nt period, the availability of security or collateral etc. Bankers will never lend against the full candour value of property, the availability of the add will be limited by the equity or residual value of property.All these points count if you specialize to search for the source of funding. There are several sources for funding, and for me I started with all of a sudden TERM AND MEDIUM TERM BANK LOAN I took upon myself to get the short term and medium term bank loan. For the repayment of this loan it took me two to five years. For sum of $5000, the security is required in the figure of private or company property, fixed or floating complaint over the books debts and assets of the business. Interest is fixed at between 2 per cen clipping and 5 percent over the base stray at the time the loan was taken out.Arrangement fee is also charged on new loans. This loan system was best suited for me as the rate of interest is just fixed for 2 to five percent. It is more opportune then the another(prenominal) loans because security required is very less.BUSINESS ANGELS Business Angels locates in new and developing enterprises. They, rather than start their own business, invest in someone elses Investment proposals and initiatives. Those companies who have skilled and technically qualified people, business venture, capital and skill gives a greater take on to succeed with financing from business Angels.There is a site called as a Business Angels Pty. Ltd. Who provide the facility for meeting the both angels and likely Entrepreneurs. The needs of the business are matched with the angels criteria. There are lots of other sources of financing too like Long term loans from banks, Share jacket crown from private Investors, Debentures etc, Mortgage debentures, Commercial mortgages etc. but the system of Business Angels are best if starting a New Company because it depends on the negotiations between the two parties.

Third World and People

Academic Skills Research Essay Sl. No. Essay Topics Members 1 Human worlds do not need to eat meat in order to maintain good health beca uptake they potty get both their food needs from meat slight products and meatless substances. A vegetarian diet is as healthy as a diet containing meat. Argue for or against the popular popular opinion above. 2 Forests are the lungs of the earth. Destruction of the worlds forests amounts to death of the world we currently know. To what achievement do you agree or disagree? 3 To what extent go away migration from the developing world to the developed world become a sociable and political issue in the 21st century? 4 In Britain, when nearone gets old, they often go to live in a crime syndicate with other old populate where there are nurses to look afterwards them. Sometimes the presidency has to pay for this care. Who should be responsible for our old masses? Give reasons. 5 Telecommuting refers to workers doing their jobs fro m home for part of each week and communication with their office using computer engineering science.Telecommuting is growing in many countries and is expect to be common for around(prenominal) office workers in the coming decades. How do you believe ordination will be affected by the ripening of telecommuting? 6 In some countries the average worker is stimulate to retire at the age of 50, while in others peck tail work until they are 65 or 70. Until what age do you pretend people should be shape upd to remain in paid usance? Give reasons for your answer. 7 To what extent should economic planning be influenced by the need of environmental conservation? 8 Damage of the environment is an requisite consequence of worldwide improvements in the standard of living. Discuss. 9 The rising levels of over-crowding and air pollution found in most of the world cities can be attributed directly to the rapidly increasing number of private cars in use. In order to reverse this decline in the quality of lifetime in cities, attempts must be made to encourage people to use their cars less and public transport more. Discuss possible ways to encourage the use of public transport. 10 The idea of going overseas for university pack is an exciting prospect for many people.But while it may offer some advantages, it is probably better to stay home because of the difficulties a student needfully encounters living and studying in a unalike culture. To what extent do you agree or disagree this statement? Give reasons for your answer. 11 some people believe that women make better parents than men and that this is why they buzz off the greater role in raising children in most societies. Others take that men are just as good as women at parenting Write an essay expressing your point of view. Give reasons for your answer. 12 The mass media, including TV, radio receiver and newspapers, have great influence in shaping peoples ideas. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give reasons for your answer. 13 touristry is becoming increasingly cardinal as a source of gross to many countries but its disadvantages should not be overlooked. What are some of the problems of tourism? 14 Should developing countries concentrate on improving industrial skills or should they promote culture first? 15 Safety standards are important when building peoples homes.Who should be responsible for enforcing strict building codes the government or the people who build the homes? 16 Discuss the advantage and disadvantage of gravid international aid to poor countries. 17 Should criminals be punished with prolonged jail terms or re-educated and rehabilitated using community service programs for instance, ahead being reintroduced to society? 18 In most countries disabled people are not catered for adequately, e. g. buildings are often inappropriately designed. Governments rely alike heavily on charities and voluntary organizati ons to provide assistance and funding.What further measures could be taken to assist disabled people? 19 In your opinion should government intervene in the rights of the individual with regard to family planning? 20 To what extent should university courses be geared to the economic needs of society? 21 Many people look that nowadays people are being subjected to more and more pressure in their work, and thus are having less and less time to relax. What is your opinion? 22 With the increasing popularity of computers and calculators, student literacy is diminish dramatically.What are the positive and negative effects the progress of science and technology has brought about? 23 In the past, buildings often reflected the culture of a society but today all modern buildings look alike and cities passim the world are becoming more and more similar. What do you cypher is the reason for this, and is it a good think or a expectant think? You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience and nurse your arguments with examples. 24 The earth is being filled with waste material such(prenominal) as plastic bags and other rubbish. Is this really happening?What are some solutions to this problem? Gives reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. 25 The wealth gap between 1st world countries and tertiary world countries seems to be increasing. How can we reduce this gap? Do you think that developed countries have a duty to assist developing countries in every way? 26 Some people say that publicizing encourages us to buy things we really do not need. Others say that advertisements class us about new products that may improve our lives. Which viewpoint do you agree with? determination specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 27 Some people believe that the best way of acquirement about life is by listening to the advice of family and friends. Other people believe that the best way of learning about life is through personal experience. oppose the advantages of these two different ways of learning about life. Which do you think is preferable? Use specific examples to support your preference. 28 Some people think that world needs for farm grease, housing, and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals.Do you agree or disagree with this point of view? wherefore or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 29 Many parts of the world are losing important natural resources, such as forests, animals, or clean water. Choose one resource that is fade and explain why it needs to be saved. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. 30 A company has announced that it wishes to build a tumescent factory near your community. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this new influence on your community. Do you support or oppose the factory? Explain your position. 31 The government has announced that it plans to build a new university. Some people think that your community would be a good place to locate the university. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of establishing a new university in your community. Use specific details in your discussion. 32 Some people think that children should begin their formal education at a very early age and should spend most of their time on school studies. Others believe that young children should spend most of their time playing. Compare these two views. Which view do you agree with? wherefore?

Light Bulb

An es formulate on light medulla oblongata musical composition many learned professors sustain abandoned hope of ever discovering the rectitude behind light bulb, I for one feel that it is still a worthy cause for examination. In depth analysis of light bulb butt end be an enriching experience. Cited by many as the single most(prenominal) important influence on post modern micro eco compartmentalism, it is as yet to receive proper recognition for laying the foundations of democracy. Often it is seen as both(prenominal) a help and a hinderence to those most reliant on technology, detain by their infamous history.With the primary aim of demonstrating my considerable intellect I leave behind now demonstrate the complexity of the many faceted coming back that is light bulb. Social Factors There is cultural and institutional interdependence among members of any community. When Sir Bernard Chivilary said hounds will feast on society 1 he borrowed such(prenominal) from light bu lb. While the western world use a poke and fork, the Chinese use chopsticks. Of course light bulb irons disclose misconceptions from our consciousness. Status, Security, Fame light bulb, all revolve around this golden fleece.To put it simply, community like light bulb. Economic Factors The preceding section may have shed some light on society but to very understand man you must know how he spends his money. We shall examine the Simple-Many-Pies model, a lovely model. Market Value Of Gold light bulb clearly the graphs demonstrates a strong correlation. Why is this? Of course the market value of gold, at long last decided by politicians, will always be heavily influenced by light bulb due to its consistently high profile in the portfolio of investors. Many analysts fear a subsequent depression.Political Factors Politics, we all agree, is a accompaniment of life. Contrasting the numerous political activists campaigning for the interests of light bulb can be like looking at ligh t bulb now, and its kindred in the 1800s. In the words of jazz singer Demetrius Rock Mans great enemy is complacency with regards to personal and political hygiene. 2 This quotation leads me to suspect that he was not unaccustomed to light bulb. It speaks volumes. Perhaps the word which sums up the wideness of light bulb to politics is participation.Since the Renaissance light bulb has pose more and more prevalent. May it continue. Conclusion We can say with induction light bulb plays a large part in the lives of all. It replenishes the self, literally plants seeds for harvest,, though light bulb brings with it obvious difficulties, it is truly light bulb. I will leave the last word to the famous Clint Jackson I would say without a shadow of a doubt light bulb ROCKS 3 1 Sir Bernard Chivilary interestingly 1904 Badger Books 2 Rock Roll It Up 1977 F. Lower Publishing 3 dupery Magazine Issue 124 Monkey Books

Noticing Hypothesis

The noticing opening is a plan in arcminute- manner of speaking acquisition proposed by Richard Schmidt in 1990. He stated that withdrawers after partnot learn the grammatical features of a linguistic process unless they notice them. Noticing alone does not slopped that bookmans automatically acquire language rather, the hypothesis states that noticing is the essential starting vertex for acquisition.There is debate over whether learners must awarely notice something, or whether the noticing can be subconscious to some degree (Schmidt, 1990, 2001) Noticing is a complex wreak it involves the ntake both(prenominal) of meaning and of form, and it takes time for learners to progress from initial recognition to the insinuate where they can internalize the underlying rule. This argues for teachers to provide recurring opportunities for learners to notice, since one noticing toil is most unlikely to be sufficient. More specifically, we may want to resolve with different kinds of noticing line in future in order to overhaul different psycholinguistic factors.Schmidt (1990), identifies three aspects of consciousness involved in language learning awareness, intention and knowledge. The first sense, consciousness as awareness, embraces noticing . According to Schmidt (1995, p. 20), the noticing hypothesis states that what learners notice in input is what be flows intake for learning. Schmidt also states that a) whether a learner deliberately attends to a linguistic form in the input or it is noticed purely unintentionally, if it is noticed it becomes intake and b) that noticing is a demand arrest for L2 acquisition.In his noticing hypothesis, Schmidt (1990, 1993, 1995 Schmidt & Frota, 1986) shed light n focal attention, or noticing, as a necessary and sufficient condition for input to become intake in SLA, by claiming intake is that part of the input that the learner notices (1990, p. 139). According to Schmidt (1993), second language (L2) learners need to not only comprehend the input scarcely also notice whatever features of the input are relevant for the sharpen system (p. 209).Although these definitions of noticing differ in the degrees or levels of awareness that are deemed necessary for SLA, the researchers all agree on the importance of noticing in SLA. In both the strong version of the Noticing Hypothesis (noticing is necessary and sufficient for second language acquisition) and the weak version of the Noticing Hypothesis (noticing is a necessary but not sufficient condition for second language acquisition), noticing is considered to play a evidential role in SLA.In Gass and Selinkers (2001) view, noticing or selective attention is at the tenderheartedness of the interaction hypothesis, (p. 298) and is one of the crucial mechanisms in the negotiation process. Conclusion help and noticing (the subjective correlate of attention are crucial concepts for ttention becoming conscious of some material seems to be the sover eign remedy for learning anything. It is the planetary solvent of the mind (Baars 1997, P. 04). For SLA, the allocation of attention is the pivotal point at which learner external factors (including the complexity and distributional characteristics of input, the discoursal and interactional context, instructional treatment, and task characteristics) and learner internal factors (including motivation, aptitude, learning styles and strategies, current L2 knowledge and processing ability) come together.

Alternatives to Incarceration Essay

In todays economy keeping citizenry in prison is becoming an ugly, expensive mess. There atomic number 18 now so mevery an(prenominal) alternatives to captivity that we need to explore and start using. Johnny Cash wrote a song c each(prenominal)ed Folsom Prison Blues describing the angst of inmates, permanently immortalizing them in the usuals minds. However, now that prisons cross federal agencys the country are running out of resources and space, it is the prison officials who are depression the blues.There are a number of alternatives that are used for offenders who cod committed non-violent crimes. The options can range from probation all the way to public shaming. For those who down been convicted of drunk impetuous, public shaming might fetch the most impact. In more or less states, convicted offenders will be made to drive around with signs put on their cars stating that they have been convicted. No 1 convicted of this sort of crime runs around announcing what t hey have done because its embarrassing. In general most prefer to keep it a secret because it is humiliating. With signs pasted to their vehicles, there is no way to escape the public knowing what they have done. A nonher option used for drunk driving is the use of a breathalyzer. This device is installed into the offenders car and the car is actually programmed not to start if they are intoxicated. This could put a definite damper on party habits.Another alternative that has popped up is based out of Texas. Texas is one of the last few states that enforces the death penalty and also has one of the highest incarceration rates in the world. Ironically, a state with such an iron clenched fist reputation, has started to put offenders on probation and sentence them to read as opposed to prison time. This trend has slowly started to spread across the United States. Offenders and repeat offenders are ordered to attend a specific reading group where they deliver into discussions over clas sics like Of Mice and Men and To Kill A Mockingbird. A subject was done from 1997 to 2008 and it was discovered thatonly 6% were either sent sustain to jail or had their probations revoked. Another perk of this program is that it only be taxpayers $500 a form as opposed to the $30,000 a year it takes to keep an inmate imprisoned. This programs seems to work best for those who have been convicted of crimes involving robbery or drug abuse. It gives them a chance to have a voice and heretofore a sense of identity and confidence.Another tough crime to engineer as far as sentencing goes, is when a person is arrested and that individual is amiablely ill. For the longest time when someone was arrested for drug possession, trespassing or any other non-violent offense, they were automatically sent to jail or probation, regardless of their mental instability. Now it seems, there is a new option of an alternative court of law type setting where attorneys, mental health organizations, a nd the judge work together to coordinate a treatment option that will ensure the offender will stay on the right path. So many people are incarcerated who have mental illnesses, yet have never had the hazard to be officially diagnosed and continue to go untreated. Providing treatment is the right function to do, it is humane, and is even more cost effective then incarceration.Overall the iniquitous justice system unavoidably to really start to change the way certain offenders are handled and then pretty much lost in the system. It effectively helps to create more and more offenders and even encourages repeat offenders. financially for taxpayers it makes more sense. It is cheaper to provide outpatient options and treatments then to pay to keep an offender jailed in prison. Aside from all of this, the criminal justice system needs to remember these low level offenders are still human beings. We all make mistakes and deserve to do the appropriate punishments, but a chew of these mistakes might just benefit more from appropriate treatment programs and interventions. saturated prison time is not always the best answer.References1) The Economist, July issue, 20102) Nolo.com3) American mental Association4) The Guardian, July, 2010

Different cultures have different truths Essay

Different cultures suck dissimilar up veraciousnesss. A faithfulness is that which end be acquireed universally. What be the implications for knowledge of agreeing with these opposite averments?Ye shall know the faithfulness, and the truth shall set yet free. A powerful, simple statement, taken from the bible. The eternal compete of mankind, however, has been to find the truth, and this has turn out rather difficult. Is on that point, as suggested in this quote, only bingle truth? Or ar on that point different truths, dependant on cultural background or society?Unfortunately, the question as it is phrased is flawed. both(prenominal)(prenominal) statements are false, so any knowledge gained from any one is in addition false. right is non determined by how many hatful accept something, whether those people all belong to a single culture, or to the substantial universe. Truth is determined by reality, and truth is the quality of any statement that correctly descr ibes any aspect of reality. If a thing is true, it does non affaire if nobody accepts it, it is sleek over true. If a thing is false, it does not matter if everybody accepts it, it is calm down false. Everyone in the 12th century accepted that the Crusades were for a good cause, although with diachronic insight we can see that they were not.Another problem with this question is that at that place is a difference between accepting something and believing in it. concourse often accept things they are told because authority tells them, or because they do not know enough to find a better answer. Many people are withal willing to accept answers because they make them feel good, not because they have any basis in fact. It seems impossible to agree with both of these statements, since they are both false.If, however, we do agree with these two statements, we find that they are mutually exclusive. If we look at them logically, statement A excludes statement B and vice-versa. This me ans that either one of them is false, or they are both right in certain situations and wrong in others. To answer this question, we must withal ask ourselves What is truth? If we define truth as a reality, as something that is always correct no matter what, and as something that can be accepted as fact, than the first statement is cannot be agreed with. If different cultures have different truths on the same subject, than there is no truth. proficient because my culture says that the world was created by God in seven days, that does not mean it is the truth. It is what we believe, but that does not make it true. Contrarily, scientists say that we evolved from lesser beings, and that the world was created through a big bang which created the universe. This is what they believe to be the truth it does not mean it is. If nothing can be agreed upon, and there are differing opinions, than there is no truth.The opposite statement, that truth is something that everyone agrees with, is mor e valid, at least in my opinion. Everyone can agree on some things, and would conceptualise them truths the world is round, people should be born with two eyes, the Second domain of a function War started in 1939. That there is a group agreement on these issues, from both those who are expert on these topics and amateurs, means that we can well-nigh carely accept them as being of reality. However, this method also has drawbacks average because everyone agrees with something does not necessarily make it true. For hundreds of years everyone agreed that the world was flat, although it is not, and with photographs to instal it, it has been proven beyond a reasonable doubt.Each statements value also depends on what area of knowledge we are considering for logic-based disciplines, like the Natural Sciences and Mathematics, there should be no differences in what is considered truth. Algebra does not dislodge no matter what country you go to, and neither does the rotation of the eart h. Although there may be religious or cultural differences concerning these truths, such as in Kansas where they banned evolution from textbooks, this does not change that the facts are still the same if you talk to people who are knowledgeable or so the subject.For disciplines that are based more on perception, emotion, and language it can be untold more difficult to come to a conclusion these cannot be proven with figures and objective data. What is learned in an Ethics class is more a matter of cultural influences. People in Nigeria may believe that they have the right to stone a woman to death for adultery, while in Europe we would consider this a most improper thing to do. In Japan, it is considered rude to look a superior in the eye short whist talking to them, but in America it would be considered rude to not face them. Because of these differences, it is most certainly not true to state that flavour someone in the eye is rude., although that is the truth of the culture. A s I utter earlier, truth cannot be changed. What would be correct is to state that In Japan, looking at someone in the eye is rude. This is true everywhere to everyone.These two statements also come from opposite schools of philosophy those that believe in subjective truth and objective truth.To agree with both of these statements is impossible, since they both contradict each other. Agreeing with either of them, however, is also wrong. Even if no one knows the absolute truth about something yet, that does not mean that the present answers are a suitable replacement. Truth does not change, no matter who accepts it.

Cultures and Practices Not Allowed in the Philippines Essay

Euthanasia Euthanasia is the legal precondition for a medically assisted mercy killing however in most countries, euthanasia is illegal. The first form of euthanasia is the voluntary last of a longanimous. This is when a patient asks a doctor to marchesinate the patients life if and when the patient jumps too much, the patient has no swear of recovery, the patient has no hope for a decent quality of life, or the patient wishes to relieve the financial or psychological burden on the patients family. The otherwise form of euthanasia is an involuntary close by friends or family of the patient to end the patients life.This is mosttimes referred to as euthanasia without consent from the patient. Euthanasia is unethical. It is immoral. Even though a death of a person is given consent by himself, it is lighten murder, assisted suicide, or mercy killing, which is against the will of God. Abortion Abortion, though allowed in about other countries, is illegal in the Philippines. Und er the Revised punishable Code of the Philippines, any person who shall intentionally cause an abortion shall suffer reclusion temporal, prision mayor, or prision correccional.The only time abortion is legal is when the pregnancy of the anticipant mother is beyond saving like in the case of fetal death, fetal deformity caused sickness while in womb, pregnancy convey high risk to mothers life. In all other circumstances, there is no exception. Abortion is more illegal in the look of God, because it is a mortal sin. Divorce Divorce, under the Family Code, is non allowed in the Philippines. Christianity is the largest devotion in the Philippines, being that the Christian religion is strongly against divorce. The reason is the enamour of Christianity in the Philippine culture.Under its informs, only death can violate what God has put together. So even if under the eyes of the law, the marital bonds have been validly severed, the Catholic Church will still not honor said decree. Couple this with the fact that there is a soft touch attached to broken marriages. Said stigma often develops feelings of insecurities and in some cases, rebellion on the part of the concerned parties. Polygamy Polygamy is the status or refuge of simultaneous marriage of more than whiz woman to one man, or of several women to several men. The two forms are polygyny and polyandry.In ordinary use, the term is restricted to polygyny, where one man is simultaneously married to more than one woman. Catholic tradition has consistently interpreted Christs teaching as absolutely forbidding polygamy, and the prohibition was defined by the Council of Trent, pronouncing that it is sinful for Christians to have several wives at the akin time, and that it is forbidden the divine law. conjugal union is a covenant between two people. In the Philippines, polygamy is not allowed because of the Christian influence in the Philippine culture.The only exception is when you are a Muslim living in the Philippines. equal sex Marriage Same sex Marriage is not allowed in the Philippines. Two people of the same gender having a relationship is somehow socially accepted nowadays. tho when they are to be married, it is unethical. Even though there are some instances that these marriages occur, the couple could not include seeking legal protection and benefits that precipitate from marriage. Marriage is defined as a special contract of enduring union between a man and a woman entered into in accordance with law for the establishment of conjugal and family life.

The Love for American Football

Someone who is from an some other country like me, may trust that life story in the join States is very diverse from life anywhere else. Countless people from other countries have a exclusively distorted image of how we may live there in the States and the mentalities thatthey all posess. Not all of Americans are spoiled, overweight, or are ghost with football. All of them are completely different for the approximately part, and are in reality concerned about what is occurring in the world today.However, I do recall I can verbalise that most Americans are proud to be here, and proud to represent the UNITED States, and that pride and love is shared by everyone, kind of like a big family. Just like other countries, there are affairs that the people tend to be attracted to more than other group of people would. For example, in Mexico, soccer is huge, and almost everyone there is unbalanced about it, but here in the United States, soccer doesnt hold near as many fans.Since on e doesnt rattling know a lot about the life in the United States, and the things all Americans seem to enjoy, I would like to enlighten you to the one thing that I believe is totally American. And of coarse, I would have to say its football. Now, no all of Americans enjoy the hazardous sport, but about nine-spot out of ten of them absolutely adore it(including myseld). The competition and the thrill that you urinate from watching breathtaking game, will most likely have you sitting at the edge of your seat, not wanting to miss a molybdenum of whar you are seeing take place on the television screen.The runs, the cheers, the interceptions, the touchdowns, and most of all the victory when its all over is what I believe makes football what is it today in the society of Americans. If you were to meet another Amrican, I can almost guarantee that the person has a favorite football team that they support with all of theit hearts. Football is everywhere city leages, college teams, prof essional teams, and

Chartered Accountant in Montreal

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The purpose of this report is to benefactor me trick up for a course as a chartered in Canada, specifically in a firm in Montreal. I would kindred to down from John Molson School of avocation with a grade point mean(a) that is higher(prenominal) than three so that I give the axe then gift to the CA program and be contend a chartered control. Before I do all that, I ask to get as some(prenominal) entropy as possible somewhat the trading and about(predicate) the championship field in general. In this report I will be victimisation many divergent sources that will pecuniary aid me raise the training and the experience that I pick out.The first source is a sacred scripture called successfully Managing your be Career by Henry Labus. Montreal financial Small moving in Accounting and Financial Consulting is the intercommunicate that I will be using for this report from http//www. montrealfinancial. ca/blog/. Accountants knowledge domain Do Mor e Do break up is the discussion forum from //www. accountantsworld. com/newforums/. The newsletter that I will be using is called The Accounting and Bookkeeping Tips Newsletter (www. accounting-and-bookkeeping-tips. com). Issues in Accounting program line is the peer brushuped journal that I am using for this report (http//aaahq. rg/pubs/issues. htm). As a primary source, my lifter Michael Lewin will be available to assistance me in my career. The human organization I would like to volunteer for is the temple Hekhal Shalom. As an additional source I found the Association Canada (http//0-site. ebrary. com. mercury. concordia. ca/lib/concordia/docDetail. action? docID=10413264) repertoire where I elicit find connection that lease to do with the accounting job in Canada. A bar graphical record demonstrates how Montreal is the better metropolis for continuing my education after my bachelor so that I cigaret pose a CA.A survey is as well provided so that chartered accountant s in Montreal band up actually assistant me by sex act me what they went with. Purpose Statement The purpose of this report is to help me prepare for a career as a chartered accountant in Canada, specifically in a firm in Montreal. BOOK REFERENCE patronage Successfully Managing Your Accounting Career Author Henry Labus Date and post of Publication 1988 uniform resource locator http//www. flipkart. com/successfully-managing-your-accounting-career-book-0471633887 diethylstilbestrolcriptionThis book is about how life would be when I become an accountant it basically explains e verything there is to cut about breathing the life of an accountant such as career planning, balancing bag and career life, what is going on in the accounting fields. apology This is the close applicable book for my specific carer search because it gives me a head up on what is coming up in my career plans and it gives me insight on the job itself and shows me what it is like. Most accountants brac e a hectic lifestyle and this book should show me how to balance my career and my personal life. BLOGTitle Montreal Financial Small logical argument Accounting and Financial Consulting Author Ronika Khanna, Chartered Accountant and Chartered Financial Analyst URL http//www. montrealfinancial. ca/blog/ Date & Time coda Viewed Sunday November 7, 2010 Date of Most Recent tolerate Thursday, November 4, 2010 Description This blog gives me general selective information about what is going on in the accounting system field and in business in general. It has many different categories that tolerate me to easily browse the blog. The designer post fun and interesting information about accounting and financial related issues.Justification This is the most germane(predicate) blog for my specific career search because if I read the post that the author is making, it can give me a better understanding of the field that I am expression forward to work in. I can elate many different things that not everyone is aware of and that way I can have competitive advantage knowledge in my field. DISCUSSION assemblage Title Accountants World Do More Do better URL http//www. accountantsworld. com/newforums/ Date & Time hold up Viewed Friday November 5, 2010 Date of Most Recent Post Friday November 5, 2010Moderated Not Indicated Description This discussion forum informs me about many different topics in accountancy such as auditing, ethics, taxation, technology, financial planning and such(prenominal) more. It shows me the full discussion about the topic that I choose and it is very easy to understand. Justification This is the most relevant discussion forum for my specific career search because, I can learn about every different aspect of the field in order to become a chartered accountant in Montreal, I need to know as very much as I can, and get as much help as I can get.It is withal a great networking shaft and an easy way to find different opinions from professionals in the accounting workforce. newsletter Title The Accounting and Bookkeeping Tips Newsletter Author N/A Subscription URL http//www. accounting-and-bookkeeping-tips. com/accounting-basics-newsletter. htm Frequency of Distribution Weekly Date & Time Last Viewed Friday November 5, 2010 Date of Most Recent Issue Sunday November 7, 2010 Description This online newsletter sends weekly e-mails about all sorts of different subjects that directly relate to my future career plans.It gives me marketing opportunities in the accounting industry it shows me how to get intricate in the business world and how to sell myself as a professional. Justification This is the most relevant newsletter for my specific career search because it and sends me valuable information about the accounting job but it also gives me tips and ideas of how to make myself work and shape me for my future profession. This newsletter keeps me up to involution with news in the industry. PEER REVIEWED JOURNAL Journal Title Issues in Accounting EducationPublisher American Accounting Association Subscription Coordinates http//aaahq. org/pubs/issues. htm, then click on submission information and it shows you exactly what to do to subscribe. Description This peer review journal is very focused on the accounting field. It describes many issues that have to do with pupils in the accounting major and it illustrates different factors that affect the student accounting career choice. It reviews many journals that regard the accountancy field and more specifically the chartered accounting career. JustificationThis peer reviewed journal is most relevant to my job search because I am still in tutor and I dont know what the future of my education can be like, so this peer review journal can help me learn about how a student behaves and copes with all the problems before I find my job, and I could read about many topics that have to do with my career choice. PRIMARY SOURCE Description My primary source is my fri end Michael Lewin. He was a John Molson student that is currently working as a chartered accountant in Montreal, which is exactly what I would like to do.He is a reliable source because every time I need help or if I have a question about school, he will always help me. Justification This is the most relevant primary source for my specific career search because I know this man for a long time and he is very reliable, we come from the selfsame(prenominal) high school as well as the same college, therefore he knows exactly what I have to go through in order to become what I wish to be. CHARITABLE government Title Hekhal Shalom Synagogue Contact Coordinates Rabbi Ronen Abitbol 825 Rue Gratton, Saint-Laurent H4M 2G4, QC (514-831-4530) DescriptionThis organisation is a rank where Jewish mint come to pray and study the bible. This is a appealing organization that helps Jewish wad be more in liaison with their religious side. It also helps young Jewish kids learn and study about th e bible. This organisation gets a bent of donations from people who go there and it spends a lot of money for people that dont have the financial capabilities to be happy. From my end, I can volunteer to help with the accounting segment of this organization by doing the basic book keeping or information entry so that I can be working with people who know the field and gain more experience.Justification This is the most relevant charitable organization for my specific career search because I actually go there to pray and study, therefore it would be a good action for me to volunteer and give my time to the community and also it will book me to learn and get the on hand experience that I am looking for in order to pursue my career plans. ASSOCIATION showtime Association Canada (http//0-site. ebrary. com. mercury. concordia. ca/lib/concordia/docDetail. action? docID=10413264) DescriptionThis source is the association repertoire of Canada where I can find any association that I am looking for, including accounting associations. In order to get as much information as possible I looked up an association that is relevant to my career choice. Justification This is the most relevant association repertoire for my specific job search because when I find all these different associations, I can contact them (either electronically or in person) so that I can ask questions about my future career plans.Since this is a Canadian association repertoire, it is easy for me to find the information I need because I want to work in Montreal. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this report states what I need to do to launch my career and help me gain as much information and experience as I can before I graduate and become a chartered accountant in the city of Montreal. BIBLIOGRAPHY Abitbol, Ronen. Volunteer Work At Hekhal Shalom. Personal interview. Associations Canada, 2010 Le Repertoire Des Associations Du Canada. Toronto, Ont. Grey House Pub.Canada, 2010. Ebrary. Concordia, 2010. Web . 07 Nov. 2010. . Canada. Institue De La Statistique Quebec. Institue De La Statistique Quebec. Gouvernement Du Quebec, 17 Feb. 2010. Web. 7 Nov. 2010. Interview. Accountants World Do More Do Better. 05 Nov. 2010. Web. 05 Nov. 2010. . Issues in Accounting Education (2010). American Accounting Association. Web. 07 Nov. 2010. . Khanna, Ronika. Web log post. Montreal Financial Small Business Accounting and Financial Consulting. 04 Nov. 2010. Web. 07 Nov. 2010. . Labus, Henry.Successfully Managing Your Accounting Career. New York Wiley, 1988. Print. Lewin, Michael. How to Become a Charted Accountant in Montreal. Personal interview. The Accounting and Bookkeeping Tips Newsletter. The Accounting and Bookkeeping Tips Newsletter. 07 Nov. 2010. Web. 05 Nov. 2010. . APPENDIX Figures ascendenthttp//www. stat. gouv. qc. ca/donstat/societe/education/etat_scolr/tab3_niv_sco_2006. htm Justification I found a set of statistics that shows how many diplomas above bachelor level are completed in Mon treal and in other cities in Quebec.The statistics in this figure will help me prepare for my career because, I can see that Montreal is the city where higher levels of education (such as chartered accountant) are mostly distributed and therefore I can keep studying in Montreal because I know that it is the better city to study in. SURVEY -Intro Paragraph Hello, I am a currently studying accounting at the John Molson School of Business in Montreal. This survey is given to you so that you can help me gain all the information and resources that I need in order to become a charted accountant in the city of Montreal. -RespondentsThis survey will be distributed mostly to accountants that are currently working in Montreal. It can also be distributed to teacher of the accounting field. -Justification The main reason why I want this survey to be distributed to the specific respondents is simply because they all had to go through the same process and they know all the problems and solutions. The responses from this group of people can help me in my career because I would like to watch over their footsteps and with the information that they give me I can learn a lot of things. 1) What is the best school to do the CA program? Concordia b McGill c HEC d Other _______________ 2) How would you rate working as an accountant on a day to day basis (1 cosmos the best, 5 being the worst)? _____________ 3) Which field is more interesting and profitable auditing or taxation? _____________ 4) What do you recommend I do if my GPA is lower than 3. 0? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5) What is the best city in Canada to work as a chartered accountant? a Vancouver

Development of india Essay

Why India is still a Developing dry land and not a Developed Nation This resource will cater necessary information on why India is still a underdeveloped nation and not a developed nation even though in that location argon hemorrhoid of options offer upd by the government for the development criteria. India is ane of the fastest developing countries in the world. But you can see the item that the speed of the development is not as good when compargond to the other countries that are already developed and that are much superior to India. There are umteen reasons behind the lack in the development criteria of India.Most of the mint realize that India is very slow in development but they mountt focus on what to be done in army to make India a developed country. There are many issues in our country that are preventing India from becoming the developed nation. This resource will provide information on the issues that are preventing India to be the developed country. The reasons are as follows India holds the second rank in the population . There are many things to be taken into consideration because of the population issues. If a country is passing populated it is sure that the development of the country will also be very slow. There will be a lot of fatality for the resources to be shared among the people of the country .The major fact is that there should be resources available for the same to be distributed among the people. If the population of the country is brought into the decent control it can be said that there are lots of possibilities to make our country one of the developed countries.

Determining Activation Energy

Activation energy of a reply Mengyuan Wu IB Chem HL Richard Forster March 20, 2013 Introduction In this experiment, a reduction of peroxodisulphate (VI) ions by iodine ions is investigated. source of 10cm3 of K2S2O8, potassium peroxodisulphate, represented as Solution A. mixture of 5cm3 of KI (Potassium iodide solution), and 5 cm3 of Na2S2O3 (sodium thiosulphate solution), and 2. 5cm3 of starch solution is considered as Solution B.Solution A and B are heterogeneous together under distinct temperatures to show a clock reaction. Observation shelve 1 in the raw Quantitative selective information of Temperature and prison term from the investigate refractory / Ideal Temperature (C) Temperature of Solution A (C0. 5C) Temperature of Solution B (C0. 5C) Time Taken Time Proceeded (seconds1 seconds) 30 31. 0 31. 0 31034 191 35 36. 0 33. 5 21183 132 40 40. 0 38. 0 13724 97 45 46. 0 45. 5 11283 73 50 51. 0 51. 0 05240 53 QualitativeBefore Solution A acquit food colouringless soluti ons Solution B clear contortless solution During both(prenominal) solution A and B reached (or close to) a fixed temperature and mixed together form a clear colorless solution reaction time one or few section of the solution cancelled clear light purpleness opaque purple, then the section lard to the entire solution speedily within a second the purple opaque solution gradually turn to a darker purple color After Dark purple-black colored opaque solution puzzle outing and Presenting Data plug-in 2 Uncertainty of the Apparatus Used in the Experiment Equipment Uncertainty Explanation Stopwatch Seconds1 second The actual unbelief of the stopwatch is millisecond, shown in the column Time Taken in flurry 1. However, there are human reaction uncertainties when receiving the change in color in the actual experiment, so that particular uncertainty is presented by 1 second 50cm3 Burette for K2S2O8, KI, and Na2S2O3 cm30. 02cm30. 02% for each solution Initial Reading (0. 1cm3) + nett re ading (0. 1cm3) = volume used (0. cm3) for every solution measured in mixture A or B 10mL Measuring Cylinder for starch solution mL0. 2mL Thermometer C1. 0C Mixture A and B both have separate (but relatively close) temperature with uncertainty of 0. 5C each, after the average of the two the uncertainty doubles Table 3 Processed date for temperature and time Average Temperature of the reaction (C1. 0C) Proceed Temperature (K1. 0K) Time Proceeded (seconds1 seconds) 31. 0 304. 0 191 35. 0 308. 0 132 39. 0 312. 0 97 46. 0 319. 0 73 51. 0 324. 0 53Table 4 Processed entropy for interpreting ln 1t (3 sig fig) 1T (K)(4 sig fig) -5. 25 0. 003289 -4. 88 0. 003246 -4. 57 0. 003205 -4. 29 0. 003134 -3. 97 0. 003086 ln 1t=lnK (Proportional) t= Time T= Temperature (in K) Graph1 weighing Values Table 4 calculation to Process Temperature deliberateness 1 Average Temperature (C1. 0C) Calculation 2 Temperature in K (K1. 0K) Formula Temp. of A+Temp. of B2 Temp. in C+273 Fixed / Ideal Temperat ure (C) 30 31. 0+31. 02=31. 0 31. 0+273=304. 0 35 36. 0+33. 52=34. 75? 35. 0 35. +273=308. 0 40 40. 0+38. 02=39. 0 39. 0+273=312. 0 45 46. 0+45. 52=45. 75? 46. 0 46. 0+273=319. 0 50 51. 0+51. 02=51. 0 51. 0+273=324. 0 Table 5 Calculation for Graphing Data Calculation 3ln 1t Calculation 41T(K) Fixed / Ideal Temperature (C) 30 ln1191? -5. 25 1304? 0. 003289 35 ln1132? -4. 88 1308? 0. 003246 40 ln197? -4. 57 1312? 0. 003205 45 ln173? -4. 29 1319? 0. 003134 50 ln153? -3. 97 1324? 0. 003086 Calculation 5 (Activation Energy) lnk= -EaR ? 1T+lnA y = m(slope) x + c R=8. 314 Jmol-1K-1(Diploma)Data from Graph 1 y = -6045. 3x + 14. 705 -6045. 3 = -EaR Ea=8. 314 ? 6045. 3 =50260. 6242 J =50. 2606242 KJ haphazard mistakes Calculation 6 (%Random Error for Average Temperature of the Reaction) Average temperature of the reaction K 1. 0 K (Refer to Table 2) % Error=1. 0304. 0+1. 0308. 0+1. 0312. 0+1. 0319. 0+1. 0324. 0? 100 ? 1. 596% Calculation 7 (%Random Error for Time) Time Taken Secon ds 1 Second (estimated human reaction time) (Refer to Table 2) % Error=1191+1132+197+173+153? 100? 5. 569% Calculation 8 (% Random Error for Solutions) Random Error for K2S2O8+KI+ Na2S2O3+Starch 0. 02%? 3+0. 22. 5? 100 ? 8. 06% Calculation 8 (Total % Random Error) % Error=1. 596%+5. 569%+8. 06% =15. 225%=20% (one sig. fig. ) Final Answer Calculation 9 (Final Answer) 50. 2606242 KJ 20% 50. 2606242 KJ =50. 3 KJ (3 sig. fig. smallest sig. fig. in calculation) 50. 2606242 KJ? 0. 2? 10. 052 KJ=10KJ (one sig. fig. ) Experimental solution 50. 3 KJ 10KJ 50. 3 KJ 20% Work Cited Diploma Programme chemistry Data Booklet. 2nd ed. Cardiff International Baccalaureate Organization, 2008. 6. Print.

David Hume and Naturalism

David Hume is a naturalist, which means he believes our thoughts are non ground on reason at exclusively, but are based in temperament. Hume suggests that nature is all we need to justify our beliefs. This means that we grant conclusions about things around us based on habits and patterns. Hume suggests that experiences explain justifications and nonions out-of-the-way(prenominal) greater than some(prenominal) rationalization. A part of Humes theory lies in the sentiment of feeling. It must be excited by nature and whenever any object is presented to the memory or senses, it immediately, by the force of custom, carries the imagination to bear that object (Hume p. 1). This means that a feeling occurs when the senses bring an object to the imagination.Nature creates cosmos according to Humes naturalist ideas. According to Humes naturalism philosophy, cosmos and other animals experience nature and create feelings in very kindred manners, and from similar causes. Hume emphasiz es that both humans and other animals make predictions and explanations about the world, and all of this is because of experiencing nature. Discipline and education are the core of learning for animals. Animals, therefore, are not guided in these inferences by reasoning neither are children Neither are the generality of mankind, in their ordinary actions and conclusions Neither are philosophers themselves, who, in all the active parts of life, are, in the main, the same with the vulgar, and are governed by the same maxims (Hume p. 70). Hume suggests that when animals or humans are experiencing a new power it is actually a combination of past events they are already long-familiar with. Hume suggests that reasoning and argumentation cannot be trusted (Hume p. 71).Therefore, it is the senses of all beings observing nature that create emotions, thoughts, and experiences. It is in addition expressed in Humes Enquiry Concerning gentlemans gentleman Understanding that animals generate knowledge not only from observation, but also a lot from the original hand of nature (Hume p. 72). This could mean that animals have certain instincts given by nature that can not be controlled. Hume was in all senses a naturalist. Nature holds all answers according to Hume, and neither humans nor other animals hold the ability to create arguments and ideas without nature.

The Etiology of Intellectual Disabilities and Autism

Genetics seems to be an important factor, as the blood telling rate for the core syndrome falls at about 5% spell the autism spectrum disorder is probably around Twin studies receive shown concordance order of 60-89% in minimization twins and under 5% in lordly twins, which suggests a heritability of close to 100% in shells that bent affiliated with specific medical exam disorders(Gilbert). Some aberrant or variant genes may yet be implicated, examples including neurologist and glutamate genes(Gilbert). It is likely that there is a large mount of genes, to a greater extent than 30, involved in the increase of susceptibility for autism spectrum disorders(Gilbert). T is now know that defined mutations, genetic syndromes, and De novo copy number variations (primarily deletions) make up 10-20% of Autism Spectrum Disorders(l_cavalier). proportional portions of the brain are also often dysfunctional in autism and abnormalities in the in the magical and cerebellum are often present (Gilbert). In addition, unchallengeable is over-represented in autism, more specifically in those with IIS succeeding 70(Glibber). Other abnormalities entangle hyp other(a)mias in the blood, dopamine and endorphin dysfunction, and excess of gall fritillary acidic protein in the cerebrations fluid(Gibber).Without any(prenominal) cognize genetic predisposition certain acquired brain lesions potentiometer gain autism, although some studies indicate interaction with autism susceptibility genes may be occurring. It is thorny to say what can be done to prevent autism(Gilbert). No known drugs are known to have a substantial effect on the resultant role of autism and despite what Jenny McCarthy pushes, vaccinations do not cause autism. Until the causes of autism are discovered it is unlikely we will ever know for a certainty how to prevent it. community with autism are often no st passr to neurophysiology deficits, more specifically executive function deficits. Some of these executi ve function deficits include suffering planning ability, unkept motivational level, clog with snip concepts, difficulty maintaining, difficulties with empathy, difficulty grasping the theory of mind, decreased drive for central coherence(Gilbert). People given a diagnosis of childhood autism also fall into the low range of IQ, at below 80(Glibber). Those with Speakers Syndrome usually boast an IQ above that typically seen in autism, usually above 70(Glibber).The etiology of mind balk is also difficult to pinpoint, due to the fact that in approximately half the cases of quick-witted balk the cause is unknown (McDermott). The etiology is defined as a multicultural construct composed of four categories of risk factors biomedical, social, behavioural and fosterageal, that exist across time, including the across the life of the various(prenominal) and across generations from erect to Genetic actors such as those associated with Down Syndrome can be super associated but not necessarily viewed as casual (McDermott).Algorithms have been suggested for the military rank of the individuals relying on family history, physical findings, and neurological functioning (McDermott). Some diagnostic techniques include chromosome micro-dissection, fluorescence in situ habitations and more. Other potential causes include telemetric rearrangements/chromosomal anomalies for different forms of intellect disabilities (often Down Syndrome), tourism in 95% of the cases of DownSyndrome, mutations in sex-linked individual(a) genes in Fragile X/Williams Syndrome/ Parade-Will Syndrome, neural tube defects in spinal biffed, dealer trauma later in life, and many (McDermott). Mothers and cuttingborns should avoid infections, head trauma, harmful chemical and compounds, alcohol, environmental chemicals and food/drink deprivation in order to prevent intellectual impairment(McDermott). Beyond this, much about intellectual disability is unknown and thus, is hard to prevent. 2 . Discuss the role of IQ and accommodative demeanor in both intellectual capabilities and autism.Two defining characteristics of autism and intellectual disability are deficits in IQ (not in Espaliers however) and accommodative behavior. The PAP describes adaptative behavior in terms of individual performance in relation to person environment interactions and includes it with social skills and peer acceptance as a component Of social competence(Forthwith-Duffy). Usually, the common definition of mental retardation implies that comprehension and adaptive behavior are distinct and not overlapping constructs(Forthwith- Duffy).Three dimensions of adaptive behavior are expressed by observable, practical, conceptual and social skills(Forthwith-Duffy). For kinda some time IQ was the only criterion given comity in intellectual disability diagnosis(Forthwith-Duffy). Studies have lay outd that individuals with both intellectual disability and autism demonstrate significantly more impa irments in adaptive behavior as opposed to someone with just one(Lacerative).Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders and those with intellectual disabilities seem to demonstrate different adaptive behavior profiles. Those with intellectual disability demonstrated a flat profile, indicating consistent scores(Lacerative). The autistic groups (verbal and non- verbal respectively), however, had a more abrupt score (meaning more variance) with the non verbal group scoring lowest in intercourse and the verbal group scoring lowest in colonization(l_cavalier). accommodative behavior scales often undertake adaptive behavior and maladaptive behavior.In the be 20 years there have been many developments in unsymmetrically valid adaptive behavior scales, some boasting a reliableness of . 90(Forthwith-Duffy). Adaptive behavior is Often defined in terms Of its kindred to cultural expectations and environment. A succinct way of delineating the differences between IQ and adaptive behavior i s defining an cognition test as something that measures performance or what an individual can do and adaptive behavior scales report what an individual does Duffy).Four categories of intellectual disability are named depending on IQ score. With an IQ of 55-69 the designation is mild, with an IQ of 40-54 the designation is moderate, with an IQ of 25-39 the designation is wicked and tit an IQ below 25 the designation is unfortunately, public train data on intellectual disability is unreliable due to intelligence tests not be administered universally (McDermott). It has been recognized for quite some time that an IQ of above 70 is one of the strongest predictors of a good outcome in autism.Individuals who have autism and an IQ of under 70 usually have to attend specialist autism classrooms. People given a diagnosis of childhood autism also tend to end up in the low range of IQ, at below 80(Gilbert). Those with Speakers Syndrome usually have a Geiger IQ than that typically seen in a utism, usually above 70(Gilbert). As I noted ahead there IQ often determines their classroom environment which determines part of their habits of colonization. In put forward (2004), the author replies to queries by lava. N. Years about various 3. spectacles of the education of children with autism and developmental disabilities. In his responses, inferences to constitutional principles, core principles, and public indemnity can be drawn. What are the constitutional principles, core principles and public policies that aptitude be connect to the Bear 2004) replies to the layovers? Describe and explain how they are related to the educational issues discussed in the letters. Beginning in the asses, the disability-rights revolution introduced a new era of public policy, core principles and constitutional principles(Turnbuckle).PARA v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and mill v. D. C. Board of Education guaranteed a right to education. Next, came Wyatt v. Stickiness which guaranteed a right to treatment(Turnbuckle). These threesome cases would prove to be landmarks in the disability-rights revolution, influencing decisions to this very day. This is demonstrated by Donald Bear nicely. According to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act every child with a disability is promised a free and appropriate public education(Bear 2005).As the most canvas and best refined method of teaching for Autism, Applied Behavior outline should be indebted to the individual by his constitutional rights. ABA has has 1 intumesce controlled clinical trial as well as 4 other controlled trials. This is combined with the 500 or so studies that have been done on ABA 200 of which had a convincing experimental design(Bear 2005). ABA is the only theology that can promise Autistic persons an approximately 50% chance for an independent bounteous life(Bear 2005). Unfortunately, very few U.S centers offer effective ABA to children with autism with adequate federal or state agency fund ing(Bear 2005). In accordance with the Board of Education v. Rowley case which guaranteed disabled individuals the right to a free, appropriate secern and beneficial education in the least restrictive environment, ABA should be offered at all take with students who are disabled(Turning). In ABA the highest priority is communication skills allowed by social skills, followed by self-care skills and finally, followed by intellectual skills.This order is rarely followed in schools without ABA- The effectiveness of ABA depends on analysis and thus, teachers with minimal training are thereby inadequate(Bear 2005). When individuals are guaranteed an individualized and beneficial education it is more than implied that they receive the most efficacious treatment, which in this case is ABA. Applied Behavior Analysts have been developing language and communication skills in children with severe developmental delays for over 30 years(Bear 2005).

Aspects of Belonging Notes

English questions -Explain how some of the specific events that are presented in your texts picture insight into pop off/ not be? -Relationships are integral to homophile beings aspecting like they go away. Assess the truth of this statement in watch to your prescribed text and maven other text. TODAYS LESSON -Thesis statements for each aspect of be -Acceptance - discernment -Relationships -Notions of Identity -Experience -Landscape Write an introduction and conclusion for each of the questions at the treetop of the page. Acceptance A strong sense of belonging in spite of appearance a community is reliant not only on the willingness to assimilate, but alike on those already in the community to be accepting. Feelings of acceptance evict heighten a sense of belonging whereas rejection cigarette alienate privates. An several(prenominal)s fear of alienation stooge lead them to think or act in ways that are not true to their ideology. Understanding For an single(a) to f eel that they belong to a particular person, place or group, they need to accept and understand the social expectations and behaviours of that community. Understanding the values of a person, place or group is the fundamental foundation for mutual honour that allows for a sense of belonging. An understanding and appreciation of individual differences even within a group is essential for the smooth running of the society and thusly is the origin of the sense of belonging or not belonging. Relationships The need to belong to a group or community shapes our behaviour, attitude and actions. When humanity experiences a strong connection to a place the notion of belonging is reinforced and enriched. When our consanguinity with a place is shaped by a destine and biased view of the world, our notion of belonging can be questionable. Connections with individuals, groups or places can nurture a sense of belonging through the relationship with that other person, group or place. Relations hips are the basis upon which an individual may feel a sense of belonging or not belonging towards a person or place. When crucial relationships in life are fractured, often many other aspects relate to an individuals wellbeing will be negatively impacted. Relationships come in many forms and can either allow an individual to experience a sense of belonging or hinder this sense of belonging. Notions of Identity When your cultural identity is marginalised, you can feel dislocated and displaced, and believe that you do not belong to your grow or part of the dominant culture. Our search for who we are is fuelled by a need to find a place in the world where we feel we belong. Time and the passage of time can have a significant impact on our notion of identity and from that to whom and to where an individual might belong. An individuals fear of alienation can make them act or think in ways that are not true to their ideology. Our individual identity is greatly constructed by how ot hers perceive us. The community surrounding you impacts your credit of selfhood, consequently moulding your identity. Experience We search for a place to belong, not realising that it is our perceptions and attitudes, not the place, that at last allows us to feel a sense of belonging. personalised experiences shape our beliefs and values and hence contribute to their sense of self and ultimately where they belong. Experiences can have both positive and negative effects on individuals depending on the extent and power of the knowledge gained. The way we view and pass judgment the experiences of life can change overtime and thus impact how we get to the present and future. Place/Landscape Strong conclusion Strong relationships maintain belonging, whilst damaged relationships may be detrimental to the experience of belonging It is clear that both composers represent this description, but in varying ways speckle Romulus focuses more on so how relationships and barriers to th ese can hinder belonging, other related text focuses much more on the. and how these flourish and nourish ones sense of belonging/ Although different, both composers effectively present their interpretation of relationships, and how these can either nourish or hinder ones sense of belonging. ORIn conclusion, both and show the various ways in which relationships with flock and surroundings can impact an individuals experience of belonging. Degrees of empathy, understanding, detriment and sexual attraction, as shown in the examples above, clearly help determine the character and strength of some of the relationships within the respective texts, and the extent to which they can and do impact on an individuals broader sense of belonging or exclusion. Romantic, professional and cultural affiliation with others and his surroundings are integral to Romulus efforts to belong in his new country, Australia.

Dangerous Minds: Criminal Profiling

DANGEROUS MINDS CRIMINAL PROFILING Authors Note This piece was prep ared for Into to Forensic Psychology PSY-501 taught by Professor Anna Moriarty Abstract pen is premised on the belief that sort ignore be predicted based on sleep togetherledge of an individuals soulfulnessality and personal characteristics. whit beginning visibility limits this expression psychoanalysis to suspects in the hopes that honor enforcement leave behind be able to narrow the kitty-cat of potential barbarouss and find the person or persons that connected the disgust.Most law enforcement operation occurs after a offensive has been committed and they usu solelyy down a very short time period in which to catch the outlaw. If the law of record force are lucky enough to get a case in the very early stages, time is even more than crucial. This paper discusses how the recitation of flagitious psychological write to identify perpetrators of specific annoyances has become more common pract ice in modern police work. Dangerous Minds Criminal composeCriminal or wrongdoer indite as it is almosttimes referred to, is a law enforcement probe technique that try outs to determine the type of person who may overhear committed the annoyance based upon an individuals behavior at the discourtesy facial expression or at multiple detestation cycloramas (Devery, 2010). It is based on the premise that humans are creatures of habit and entrust follow a pattern of behavior. Profilers rely on the fact that normal human behavior characteristics and patterns remain consistent, regard slight of the action (Davis, 1999). A compose is a describe of likely traits that the individual who committed the villainy possesses.The purpose of the pen, like exclusively separate investigative tools, is to narrow the search parameters for police to a define set of suspects that they can pair to forensic or physiologic indorse if it has been recovered and is available (Davis, 199 9). Criminal pen is not a stark naked concept. Early use of behavior analysis in guilty cases dates masking to the 1800s. It was developed in response to red-faced abuses that frequently receive the well-nigh publicity and generate the most fear among members of the public (Davis, 1999). These are the cases that police are under the most pressure to solve quickly.Public perception of wickedness and guilty write is shaped by popular media, which gives an unrealistic put one across of what compose adds to an investigation. Just like the CSI effect the public believes that a profiler can determine who did it, find that person and prevent further harm all in a half hour. Detectives who work these cases understand that criminal indite is an important technique that is not worth much alone hardly when added to forensic evidence it eliminates suspects and builds a strong case against demonstrable perpetrators.There are several types of violent offenses such(prenominal) as murderer, rapes, molestation, abduction, armed robberies and so on. or so of these crimes are committed by people with a criminal olden and some are at the hands of a person without any criminal account. The sheer number of potential suspects can be staggering. The rustle may too be true, where no suspect emerges the magnitude of the investigation increases substantially. Most police de protrudements in particular those in less populated areas do not have sufficient resources or expertise to handle such wide reaching investigations (Davis, 1999).Types of Criminal Profiling There are both major types of criminal profiling, crime pictorial matter analysis and investigative psychology (Devery, 2010). Both techniques were created independently of each other but use many of the same procedures. John Douglas, a Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) performer for 25 years in the investigatory Support Unit (ISU) is assign with the development of the profiling techniques that ar e currently taught and utilize in the FBIs manneral Science Unit (Devery, 2010). His techniques were born out of the ISUs inclination to work unsolved violent crimes in the 1970s (Devery, 2010).The second major type of criminal profiling is known as Investigative Psychology. This start to profiling was created by Dr. David Canter, a British psychologist. Investigative psychology attempts to match the dominant themes in an offenders crimes to characteristic reflections of their lifestyles and criminal history (Canter, 1989). The goal of this technique is to achieve an observed, rather than intuitive basis for criminal profiling that can be measured and tested in a scientific style (Canter, 1989).There are 2 other criminal profiling techniques that are in the testing stages and as such are not yet widely utilise or accepted. The send-off is Diagnostic host rank (Devery, 2010). Diagnostic evaluation depends on the clinical discernment of the offender by a moral health prof essional (Devery, 2010). In this approach the profile is based primarily on psychoanalytic principles and the individual practitioners clinical perceptions. The second, geographic profiling analyzes the spatial decision making mold of offenders and relates it to crime victims and crime eyeshot locations (Davis, 1999).This profile tolerates information on how perpetrators target their victims. How is a Criminal Profile Created? The act of developing a profile is a process not an event. A criminal profiler exit analyze certain(a) physical attributes of a suspect such as race, sex, residential or personal location, marital status, occupation and much more (Devery, 2010). In addition, they go away belief for specific psychological characteristics such as personality type, psychological tendencies and behavior traits (Devery, 2010).A criminal profiler will try on what happened at the crime scene, determine the traits of the person that committed the crime, and generate a summary of common traits and behaviors of that person. Criminal profiling involves studying a perpetrators behavior, motive, and their background history, in an attempt to guide the focus of an investigation (Winerman, 2004). Much of the profile is based on historical info that has been compiled over the years which contains the evidence and methods apply by criminals in previous crimes, as well as psychological and sociological studies of criminal minds (Winerman, 2004).The criminal profiler matches the evidence from the present crime against those used by other criminals and because tonicitys for correlations based on probabilities (Young, 2006). Therefore the profile itself is the ware of a series of calculated assumptions that compare past and present crimes. The FBI abhorrence Scene Analysis Approach Organized or Disorganized? The FBI crime scene analysis approach to profiling is based upon the premise that the crime scene reflects the personality of the perpetrator.FBI profiler s produce psychological profiles of the perpetrators using information collected at a crime scene and by examining the nature of the crime itself (Young, 2006). Through years of study they have been able to identify certain traits that put murderers into one of two groups organized and disorganise. An organized murderer is frequently profiled as being highly intelligent, socially competent and charismatic. A disorganized murderer is profiled as being of average intelligence, sociallyimmature, and a loner.Other differences surrounded by organized and disorganized murderers can been seen when examining the extent of planning the crime, how they target their victims and the appearance of death. Organized killers exhibit systematic patterns of behavior and well-defined plans. They carefully study strangers as victims, demand that the victims be submissive, there is discipline in the actual manner of death, they leave small-scale to no evidence at the crime scene and may kill at o ne site and excite of the body at another site in lay out to exclude detection. In contrast, disorganized murderers are spontaneous in committing the crime.There is very little planning they usually are aware of or know their victims, and the manner of death is a surprise attack, which results in a large essence of physical evidence at the crime scene (Davis, 1999). In order for a local agency to obtain a FBI criminal profile they have to request their assistance and the case to be analyzed must meet certain criteria. The case must involve a violent crime, the perpetrator must be unknown, commonly referred to as the Unsub for unknown beat and all major investigatory leads must have already been listless (Devery, 2010).When creating a criminal profile FBI profilers use a six-stage process (Davis, 1999). The first stage is known as input as it is marked by the disposition of crime scene photographs and diagrams, police reports, victim and forensic data and all other informatio n connected to the case (Davis, 1999). Also called the manner-and-method arrange it involves an examination of all technical aspects of the crime. For example, what type of weapon was used and how was it used? Was the changeful at close range? Was it a single shot or multiple rounds?The second stage is the decision process configuration (Davis, 1999). The profiler reviews all data and information and organizes it into preliminary profile. During this stage the profile will categorise the nature of the homicide (e. g. , single, mass, or serial murder), the intent of the perpetrator (e. g. , was this the be after crime or did it occur in the commission of a reveal crime), the nature of the victim (e. g. , whether the victim was a high or low risk target), and the degree of risk that the perpetrator undertook to commit the crime.The location (s) of the crime and the possible length of time that was taken to carry out the wickedness (s) will also be evaluated. (Davis, 1999). The third stage is crime assessment (Davis, 1999). The profiler will attempt to think like the perpetrator to gain taste as to his or her reasoning processes. For example, the selection of a victim is a great deal random and based on patterns that only make sense to the perpetrator. The profiler will try to establish the reason for the crime and the motive for choosing a concomitant location or day etc. During this stage the profiler will categorize the Unsub as organized or disorganized.The profiler will attempt to find why he or she selected the victim, whether the crime was planned or spontaneous, how the crime was executed, the nature and the types of wounds on the victim, and any ritualistic actions such as displaying or put the body of the victim in a certain manner. The profiler will examine the perpetrators behavior at a crime scene in three parts the modus operandi, personation or signature, and staging. The profiler is looking for indicators at crime scene that will trans late into behavioral characteristics (Davis, 1999).The profiler is also keenly aware that not all criminal behavior is consistent especially if certain events have taken place since the past crime. Perpetrators are endlessly changing their methods. For example, if an Unsub has a need for his victim to be submissive and his or her first victim fights him he may tie up the succeeding(prenominal) victim to avoid that problem. Incarceration can also impact how a criminal will act in future crimes. Career criminals run into from their mistakes and other criminal while in jail so they may change their approach for the next rime. red-faced and habitual offenders have a tendency to display a behavior known as a signature or calling card (Winerman, 2004). This is an action that goes beyond what is indispensable to commit the crime. hostile crimes are often a result of the fantasies of perpetrator. When the criminal acts out his or her fantasy there is usually some aspect of each crime that is a unique, personal expression or ritual. For this offender committing the crime is not enough, they must also perform a ritual to complete the fantasy.The signature is what the perpetrator leaves displayed at the crime scene (Winerman, 2004). contrasted method, an offenders signature remains a constant part of them. It may evolve, but will always retain the elements of the original scene (Winerman, 2004). Staging is another criminal behavior that profilers examine. Staging occurs when the perpetrator intentionally changes a crime scene before the police locate it (Winerman, 2004). Violent offenders stage for two reasons 1) to avoid detection and 2) to protect the victim or the victims family (Winerman, 2004).If a perpetrator stages a crime scene they most likely have or believe they have some kind of relationship with the victim. They will appear to law enforcement as also cooperative or overly distraught as they try to bow suspicion away from themselves (Davis, 1999). S taging to protect the victim or the victims family is normally make by a family member or the person that finds the body in an attempt to restore some high-handedness to the victim or to spare the family the horrifying details of the crime (Winerman, 2004).It is often difficult to determine if an offender has staged a scene or if they are just disorganized (Davis, 1999). The fourth stage is the criminal profile (Davis, 1999). The profiler combines all of the collected information and adds their learns with similar crimes. The actual written profile can range from a fewer paragraphs to several pages. The profile will contain the Unsubs physical features such as age, gender, race and appearance. It will detail the background of the Unsub such as possible occupation and employment, military service, education,residence, familiarity with the crime scene area, and elationship history with other people. The next portion of the profile report will contain information about the Unsubs p sychological personality traits. The last section of the profile report will provide strategies for identifying, interrogating, and labouring the perpetrator. The fifth stage known as the investigation is the transmission of the accurate profile to the task force or department that is investigating the crime (Davis, 1999). The final stage is the apprehension of the person or persons that committed the crime(s) (Davis, 1999).The true statement of the profile is then assessed and the case is added to the profiling database. The profile is considered a achievement if an offender is identified and confesses to the crime. It is assessed as open if new information is obtained and the profile is redone with the new profile replacing the original. The National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime NCAVC organization, provides behavior analysis profiles of criminals based on information self-collected from federal, state and international laws enforcement agencies (Devery, 2010). NCA VC consists of four separate and specialized units. appearance Analysis 1 is responsible for counterterrorism or threat assessment including arson and stalking crimes. Behavior Analysis 2 is responsible of crimes against adults including sexual assaults, kidnappings and missing person cases. Behavior Analysis 3 is responsible for crimes against children including abductions, homicides, and sexual assaults. Behavior Analysis 4 is responsible for the apprehension of violent criminals including actual and attempted homicides. This unit also develops and maintains VICAP Web, the national database for these types of cases. Devery, 2010). The Investigative Psychology Approach Dr. David Canter, an environmental psychologist at theUniversity ofLiverpool, believes that his profiling technique offers a comprehensive methodology because it is based upon a collection of theories, hypotheses and results of studies of the history and patterns of behavior as they relate to certainindividual charac teristics (Canter, 1989). Investigative psychologists believe that crime is an interpersonal transaction, usually between the criminal and the victim, at bottom a social context.In other words, the perpetrator is repeating interactions that they have had with other people under normal circumstances. The profiler using this approach will look for connections between the crime and aspects of the perpetrators past and present counseling on which actions are clearly unique to the individual. This psychological profile is done in five stages (1) interpersonal coherence (2) significance of time and place (3) criminal characteristics (4) criminal career and (5) forensic awareness. (Canter, 1989). Criminal Profiling as a CareerCriminal profiling (also known as criminal investigative analysis) is a professional subspecialty in the field of criminal investigation (Winerman, 2004). As a result, most profilers are FBI agents instead of psychologists. However, criminal profiling is the combin ation of two very distinct disciplines investigative science and psychology. Criminal investigators need to know the physical and psychological traits of the perpetrator in order to know who to apprehend for questioning and testing. Criminal profiling provides this information.Classes in criminal profiling may be taken as a subsection of another sort such as psychology or as part of a criminal justice degree. Forensic psychology combines criminal justice principles with mental health concepts. Creating criminal profiles is one area of application for forensic psychologists within the criminal justice field (Winerman, 2004). Experts estimate that there are less that 100 profiler graduates a year (Winerman, 2004). A primary reason may be that this type of training is offered in only a few graduate programs.According to the FBI, successful profilers are experienced in criminal investigations and look into and possess common sense, intuition, and the ability to isolate their feelings about the crime, the criminal, and the victim (Davis, 1999). They have the ability to evaluate analytically the behavior exhibited in a crime and to think very much like the criminal responsible (Davis, 1999). Does Profiling Work? Assessment and Evaluation Statistics show that only 2. 7% of criminal profiling cases actually lead to identification of the offender (Alison, Smith Morgan, 2003).Studies have found that FBI profiling techniques provide some assistance in 77% of cases, provide leads for stakeouts solving cases 45% of the time, and actually help identify the perpetrator in 17% of cases (Alison, Smith Morgan, 2003). Despite research suggesting that criminal profiling is ineffective in determining the specific offender, it continues to be widely used by law enforcements agencies throughout the world. Still there is a sight of controversy about the validity of the FBI approach to profiling.With respect to the organized or disorganized classification, psychologists contend that nearly all types of criminals will display a certain level of organization so this indicator does not really rule anyone in or out (Young, 2006). Psychologists further argue that the methods used by the FBI profilers have no scientific basis (Young, 2006). In give birth of this, they point to the FBI profilers reliance on their criminal investigation experience instead of analysis of evidence that is specific to each reported crime (Young, 2006).Psychologists further argue that each crime has specific patterns that cannot be generalise and applied to other crimes (Young, 2006). In order words, criminal profiling in arson cases should not be applied to criminal profiling in murder cases. They contend that each type of crime should be investigated by conducting numerous case studies on that specific type of crime then a dependable pattern could be established. Conclusion Criminal profiling is an investigative technique that uses the analysis of behavioral and psychological trai ts to profile suspects. somewhat profiles have led to the identification of the perpetrator.Currently there is a lack of scientific evidence in support of the techniques used in criminal profiling and the proclaimed successes of criminal profilers. Academic criticism supports the need for further research in order to determine if these technique can be amend and used successfully by criminal investigators. References Alison, L. , Smith, M. D. , Morgan, K. (2003). Interpreting the accuracy of offender profilers. Psychology, Crime Law, 9, 185-195. doi10. 1080/1068316031000116274 Canter, D. (1989). Offender profiles. The Psychologist, 2, 12-16. Davis, J. A. (1999).Criminal personality profiling and crime scene assessment A contemporary investigative tool to assist law enforcement public safety. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 15, 291-301. Devery, C. (2010). Criminal profiling and criminal investigation. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 26, 393-409. doi10. 1177/10 43986210377108 Winerman, L. (2004). Criminal profiling The humanity behind the myth. Monitor on Psychology, 35(7), 66. Young, T. M. (2006). Profiling pros and cons an evaluation of contemporary criminal profiling methods. Honors Junior/Senior Projects. Retrieved from http//hdl. handle. net/2047/d10001281